How to Select a Psychosocial Frame of Reference
1. Assess Client
(see also Psychosocial Evaluations)
Make note of client's self-perception and performance skills
2. Set Goals
3. Analyze the Intervention Context (Environment) and the Learning Task or Intervention Goal
(Use this handy template)
4. Design the Intervention
A. Select a frame of reference GROUP below based on your client's self-efficacy, self-awareness, motivation, etc. Select any combination of FORs within the group to guide your intervention.
B. Select the instructional/intervention strategies based on the guiding principles of your FOR, the client factors, learning task, learning context.
C. Develop an implementation plan based on human factors research (instructional heuristics)
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Behaviorism
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Acquisition
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Cognitivism
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Constructivism
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Self-efficacy & motivation
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Low
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Moderate, High
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Low
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High |
Insight
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Unaware of skills or deficits |
Some awareness of skills & deficits |
Aware of skills, faulty perception of self |
Insight into motivations |
Description
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Individuals who lack motivation and skill repertoire to meet new challenges will benefit from a behavioral approach.
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Clients who will benefit from an acquisitional approach have lost performance skills or need to acquire new ones.
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Individuals in this group have a functional level of performance skills but are hindered by a faulty self- perception and world view.
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With basic performance skills intact, clients who benefit from a constructivist approach will be challenged to transfer learning to new problems and settings. |
Possible Deficits (your client might have)
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Pressured thought process, disorganized thinking, poor insight, poor attention to details, ritualistic behaviors, and lack of self-initiated productive activity. |
Anxiety, cognitive challenges, lack of knowledge or experience, or moderately impaired adaptive response generation. |
Poor emotional regulation, poor insight, low psychomotor energy, poor executive functioning, and dysfunctional attitudes based on cognitive errors. |
Poor self-confidence, depression, perfectionism, co-dependency and relationship issues, fear of using performance skills, difficulty coping with problems of life |
Possible Assets (your client might need)
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Positive response to meaningful incentives, ability to learn to associate certain behaviors with positive reinforcers, willingness to participate in social activities. |
Willingness to try new behaviors, awareness of need to develop performance skills, and ability to identify meaningful goals.
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Social awareness, functional thought process, mastery of basic life skills.
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Good communication skills, mastery of basic life skills, rational thought process, fair problem solving skills. |
Useful Links
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